Diverticular disease, also known as diverticulitis, involves the formation of small pouches (diverticula) in the colon that can become infected and inflamed. Symptoms range from mild discomfort and bloating to severe pain, fever, nausea, and vomiting. Risk factors include low-fiber diets, high red meat consumption, lack of exercise, NSAID use, smoking, and obesity. Diagnosis involves blood and stool tests, imaging, and physical exams. Treatment includes dietary changes to increase fiber intake, antibiotics for infections, and sometimes surgery for severe or recurrent infections, or if complications develop. Outpatient management usually suffices for mild cases, while severe cases may require hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics.